DENSITY, NEUTRON & PULSED NEUTRON MEASUREMENTS IN LAMINAE, PART I
This example describes oil sand and montmorillonite laminae with these bulk properties (i.e. LVPM output values):
SAND MONTMORILLONITE
DENSITY 2.330 g/cc 2.500 g/cc
DENSITY POR. 0.222 0.123
NEUTRON POR. 0.277 0.079
The sand laminae had a fixed bed thickness of 10 cm and the montmorillonite bed thickness varies from 0.01 cm to 10 cm, with fixed pore sizes. More details are provided below.
In all of the figures in this section, homogeneous refers to the application of classic volumetric mixing rules governed by bed thickness weighting for homogeneous media with infinitesimal pore sizes. In these same figures, heterogeneous refers to the exclusive use of LVPM to compute all physical properties for media with finite sand pore sizes. (The montmorillonite has a finite pore size too, but it has no free porosity.) LVPM more accurately details the propagation of neutrons and gamma rays in these heterogeneous media. Corrections need to be applied to the apparent density and neutron logging values to account for finite pore sizes and bed thickness effects.