The classic Dual Formation Model provides a familiar FORMATION VOLUMETRIC MODEL for log analysists, logging engineers, logging tool designers, reservoir managers, geologists, and upper management to better understand a reservoir's composition and hydrocarbon content. Five formation volume fractions are used: (1) matrix, (2) free water, (3) hydrocarbons, (4) clay, and (5) bound water. These volume fractions sum to unity and are subject to constraints imposed by the model itself. (See below).
LVFPM is a nuclear micro-geophysical Forward Model: given a formation's specific minerals, fluids, pore sizes, and volume fractions (also summing to unity), LV(F)PM computes classical neutron and gamma ray physical parameters that are routinely used by logging tool designers and other experts to determine porosity, water saturation, and hydrocarbon content from logging tool responses. While LV(F)PM volume fractions also sum to unity, there are a large number of component volume fractions that consist of (a) specific minerals, fluids, and gases and their chemical formulae, (b) their grain or fluid densities, and (c) the actual volume fractions of all; these components are specified to reside in the pores, not in the pores, or in both. These volume fractions do sum to unity but are not otherwise subject to constraints, unless as imposed by the user's input choices.
Programs LVPM.exe (fixed user-specified pore size) and LVFPM.exe (variable pore size at user-specified fractal dimension) are operated in “HET”, "PARA", or "PERP" modes for two separate formations.
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